Facebook has nothing to do with it.

Your internet provider or your DNS provider could sell or give that socialist URL to the authorities. That jail record is searchable without Facebook. That search query is vulnerable to a search warrant. That queer chat site might give away your IP address by mistake. That medical record might be shared with other medical providers without your consent. Any of these pages might have spy GIFs on them that give away some of your information to some third party, often enough to uniquely identify you.

In few of these cases is there any prohibition in the US, nor do you have much if any recourse if you suffer damage.

Privacy is a fundamental right.